Tuesday, 25 October 2016

Nearly half of children ‘leave school without basic movement skills’, study says



Nearly half of children ‘leave school without basic movement skills’, study says

A A new survey has revealed that many children leave primary school with poor physical literacy, despite the majority of teachers viewing PE as an important subject. Nearly half of primary school pupils are leaving school without “basic movement skills” to engage in physical activity.

B Teachers also said more than one in three children dislike exercise by the time they leave primary school and believe 42 per cent of children don’t enjoy PE lessons. However, a survey of 400 primary school teachers revealed negative attitudes towards physical activity among primary school pupils still prevail. The survey, by Virgin Active, the University of Bedfordshire and primary school teachers nationwide, revealed teachers believe 39 per cent of children across the UK leave primary school with a negative attitude towards being physically active.
C Experts say primary school teachers play a crucial role in helping children develop physical literacy. But a third of them lack confidence when it comes to teaching PE, while over a quarter said they don’t feel adequately qualified to teach the subject and more than half want more professional development opportunities for PE. The vast majority of teachers, or 88 per cent, say they recognize PE is as important as the other subjects they teach.
D Professor Margaret Whitehead, an academic on physical literacy, said: “PE lessons help shape a child’s first experiences of physical activities and their attitude towards leading an active lifestyle. It is crucial that these first experiences are positive, rewarding and enjoyable. We must do all we can to make sure teachers are equipped with the knowledge and tools they need to deliver quality PE, helping all students to make progress on their physical literacy journey. We need to enable teachers to nurture a lifelong love of physical activity among future generations.”
E To help tackle the issue, Virgin Active are launching Active Inspiration, a five year-long programme working with charities such as the Youth Sports trust and various educational partners. Their aim is to introduce an active lifestyle to 500,000 young people, by developing new ways of approaching PE that they hope will inspire a lifelong love of physical activity in primary school pupils. Official figures show more than one third of children in England are now overweight or obese by the time they leave primary school.
Adjusted to (1)

prevail – převládat
vast – obrovský, rozsáhlý
nurture – živit, vychovávat
tackle – bojovat, poprat se


1) Read the article and match each of the headings to a paragraph.
1 A new survey on physical literacy
2 Whitehead’s opinion
3 A new active programme is starting
4 Children dislike PE
5 Teachers don’t feel to be qualified

2) Read the article and answer the questions.
1 What does a new survey deal with?
2 How do teachers feel about PE education and their pupils?
3 Who is Whitehead? What does she say?
4 What is Active Inspiration?
5 What kind of problem do 33% of children leaving school have? Why?

3) Explain the following words and phrases.
1 poor physical literacy
2 basic movement skills
3 negative attitude towards being physically active
4 don’t feel adequately qualified to teach the subject
5 overweight or obese

4) Answer the following questions.
Why is physical activity important? How much physical activity should a preschooler get daily? How to make physical activity fun? What are social benefits of physical education?

Video:

Tips, sources of information:

Source:
(1)
ESPINOZA, Javier. Nearly half of children 'leave school without basic movement skills', study says. The Telegraph [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-09-22]. Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/11693791/Nearly-half-of-children-leave-school-without-basic-movement-skills-study-says.html

Music curriculum aims to nurture preschoolers’ language skills

Music curriculum aims to nurture preschoolers’ language skills

A Researchers Maria Runfola and Elisabeth Etopio want to show how music can help preschoolers learn language with an actual curriculum they will bring to 350 children from the ages of 1 to 5 in the city of Buffalo.
B Preschool children are not getting music instruction that could make a real difference in improving overall development, particularly their reading readiness, according to the researchers. This is especially true of children labeled “at-risk.” “This project has the potential for setting a national model on how music can benefit overall development of children in preschool and help classroom teachers guide music activities in preschool,” Runfola, associate professor of music education in the Department of Learning and Instruction says.
C Their work comes at a time when many school programs are cutting music from the curriculum. Losing the opportunity for exposure to music at such a formative age is bad enough, the two researchers say. But the deck is stacked against preschool children even more because Runfola and Etopio’s research has shown how music can make young children more ready to benefit from classroom instruction and become better readers.
D Runfola and Etopio conducted a study of 165 preschoolers who participated in music activities taught by 11 teachers with intensive training in musicianship skill and teaching strategies for guiding young children’s music development. Now they will practice it in broad range. Children and teachers will experience the “magic of music in weekly music/movement sessions guided by “music teaching artists.” The content of the curriculum includes songs and chants that enhance rhythm and rhyme; opportunities for aural discrimination — listening skills — that strengthen neural pathways for language learning; tonal-pattern and rhythm-pattern dialogue for improvised musical conversations; movement emphasizing flow, weight, space and time; playing and exploring simple instruments.”
E “This project not only guides children’s music learning,” Runfola says, “but also the professional development of their teachers so that future classes of children will benefit from something so powerful and universal — music— something that students can learn to appreciate and cultivate their whole lives.”
Adjusted to (1)
the deck is stacked – karta se obrací proti
enhance – zdůraznit

1) Read the article and match each of the headings to a paragraph.
1 The project educates also teachers
2 Children in Buffalo will experience a music project
3 Music supports children’s development
4 Contents of music curriculum
5 Many schools are cutting music out of their curriculum

2) Read the article and answer the questions.
1 What does Runfola say about influence of music education on learning abilities?
2 What is the situation concerning music in the US like?
3 What kind of project did Runfola and Etopio start? Who are they?
4 What skills will be practiced?
5 How will teachers benefit from this project?

3) Explain the following words and phrases.
1 curriculum
2 reading readiness
3 rhythm and rhyme
4 exploring simple instruments
5 professional development

4) Answer the following questions.
What are benefits of music education? How does music influence children’s learning? Describe how to teach music to preschoolers. What equipment might be used?

Video:

Tips, sources of information:

Source:
(1)
ANZALONE, Charles. Music curriculum aims to nurture preschoolers' language skills. News Center University at Buffalo [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-09-21]. Available at: http://www.buffalo.edu/ news/releases/2014/07/041.html

Thursday, 6 October 2016

Czech Republic: More than 40 % of Romani children do not attend preschool



Czech Republic: More than 40 % of Romani children do not attend preschool
A Open Society Fund Prague has supported projects aiming to educate children from socially excluded communities, as a high percentage of children from such communities do not attend preschool and their families’ complicated situations lead to their children’s inadequate development. Many children from socially excluded localities do not attend preschool, which influences their lack of success in primary school. This increases the probability that these children will be placed into special education, newly termed the “practical schools”, where their chances at education and at finding good jobs as adults come to an end.
B “According to the Report on the State of the Romani Minority in the Czech Republic more than 28 % of the pupils in the ‘practical schools’ are Romani. Those schools are intended exclusively for children with light mental disability,” says Robert Basch of the Open Society Fund Prague. “Preschool education, which can equalize the initial handicaps of children coming from disadvantaged environments, is difficult for Romani children to access,” Basch says. However, around 40 % of Romani children in the Czech Republic never attend preschool.
C One solution is to work with Romani children directly in their homes and at parents’ centers, which can substitute state-run preschool facilities. At the centers, children can perfect their language and speech skills, train their attention, fine motor skills and memory, and practice basic tasks such as using buttons and tying shoelaces. “Experience from programs abroad shows that the earlier such work begins, the better chances such children have of becoming integrated into mainstream education,” explains Filip Rameš of Open Society Fund Prague.
D “In order for aid to Romani children to succeed, it must also focus on their parents so they can manage to ensure their children enjoy conditions for healthy development and are not exposed to the risk of social exclusion in adulthood,” Rameš says. This intervention method is financially the most advantageous. The highest return on investment occurs with children under three.
E These arguments were presented at a conference in Ostrava. The conference was an opportunity to find a solution for preventing the repetition of the discrimination of Romani children in the Czech schools, discrimination to which the current generation’s parents were also exposed. The conference was held by Open Society Fund Prague in collaboration with Ostrava City Hall and the Czech Government Agency for Social Inclusion.
Adjusted to (1)
shoelace – tkanička
advantageous – výhodný
exposed – vystavený

1) Read the article and match each of the headings to a paragraph.
1 Romani children might be educated at home or at parents’ centres
2 Children from socially excluded localities do not attend preschools
3 These solutions were spoken about at a conference
4 This method is financially convenient
5 More than a quarter of pupils in practical schools are Romani

2) Read the article and answer the questions.
1 What does Open Society Fund do?
2 What are problems of Roma children?
3 How can the problems be solved?
4 How can Romani parents contribute to the solution of the situation?
5 What kind of conference took place in Ostrava?

3) Explain the following words and phrases.
1 children from socially excluded communities
2 practical schools
3 equalize the initial handicaps of children
4 fine motor skills
5 integrate into mainstream education

4) Answer the following questions.
What are socially excluded localities? What are their typical problems? Who helps the people there? How does our school cooperate with Roma children? What is the difference between mainstream and practical schools? How are Roma preschoolers supported to attend mainstream schools?

Video:

Tips, sources of information:
http://goo.gl/LjIIcz

Source:
ALBERT, Gwendolyn. Czech Republic: More than 40 % of Romani children do not attend preschool. Romea [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-09-20]. Available at: http://www.romea.cz/en/news/czech/czech-republic-more-than-40-of-romani-children-do-not-attend-preschool